Furosemide test
- 01_손닥터 의학정보/011_손닥터 신장
- 2019. 3. 30.
Furosemide test for renal acidification defects
Indication
Renal tubular acidosis is characterised by an hyperchloraemic acidosis with a normal anion gap.
The diagnosis is already established if there is alkaline urine (pH > 5.5) despite a metabolic acidosis (plasma bicarbonate < 17.5 mmol/L) in the presence of a normal GFR.
The main indication for this pharmacological test for subtle renal tubular acidosis is in the differential diagnosis of the aetiology of renal stones when early morning urine has a pH > 5.5. It is a useful first line screening test for these patients.
Principle of the test
Administration of frusemide results in an increase in the delivery of sodium ions to the distal renal tubules with a normal quantity of bicarbonate ions. A proportion of the extra sodium is reabsorbed in exchange for H+ ions in normal individuals resulting in an acid urine. This test stresses the distal tubules acidification ability.
Preparation
Patient is fasted overnight.
Spironolactone should be discontinued for 6 weeks prior to this test.
Requirements
9 urine sample containers
40 mg frusemide tablet
Procedure
baseline urine sample for pH,
09:00 oral administration of 40 mg frusemide
09:30-13:00 urine samples collected every 30 min (8 samples) and analysed for pH
Interpretation
A normal response is a lowering of urine pH to less than 5.5 by 4 hours.
A nadir in urinary pH should be achieved by 3-4 hours.
The frequent urine pH measurements are necessary to avoid misclassification of some patients.
The diagnostic performance of this test for the diagnosis of RTA in renal stone formers is: sensitivity 10%, specificity 82%, predictive value of a positive test 40%, predictive value of a negative test 100%. In view of the relatively poor predictive value of a positive test, patients with a positive test should progress to the ammonium chloride acidification test for confirmation.
Reference
Reynolds TM, Burgess N, Matanhelia S, Brain A, Penney MD. The frusemide test: simple screening test for renal acidification defect in urolithiasis. Br J Urol 1993;72:153-156.
* foley catheter 를 잠깐 끼워놔야 할 수 도 있다.
* 관련 포스팅 :
2018/08/14 - 산염기 장애의 생리적 접근 (요약)
끝.
2019. 3. 30 - SJH
'01_손닥터 의학정보 > 011_손닥터 신장' 카테고리의 다른 글
만성콩팥병 환자의 식사요법 접근 (0) | 2019.04.03 |
---|---|
혈액투석의 적절도 (5) | 2019.04.01 |
진료실 참고자료 - 만성콩팥병과 식사 (0) | 2019.03.30 |
진료실 참고자료 - 혈뇨/단백뇨 진료 알고리즘 (1) | 2019.03.13 |
신장질환에서 요화학검사의 진단적 응용 (0) | 2019.01.31 |