노인환자에게 조심해야 할 약 (미국 노인병 학회 AGS, Beer's criteria 2023)

노인환자에게 조심해야 할 약 (미국 노인병학회)

AGS Beers Criteria : Medications considered as potentially inappropriate (PIM)

 

1세대 anti-histamines : Hydroxyzine 등

Nitrofurantoin

Aspirin for primary prevention of CV disease

Warfarin for the treatment of nonvalvular atrial fibrillation or VTE

Rivaroxaban for long-term treatment of nonvalvular atrial fibrillation or VTE

Dipyridamole

Non-selective peripheral alpha-1 blocker : Doxazoein, Prazosin, Terazosin

Central alpha-agonists : clonidine, Guanfacine

Nifedipine (속효성)

Amiodarone

Dronedrone

Digoxin

Antidepressants with strong anticholinergic activity : Amitriptyline, Amoxapine, Clomipramine, Desipramine, Doxepin (하루 6mg 초과), Imipraine, Nortriptyline, Praxetine

Antiparkinsonian agents with strong anticholinergic activity : Benztrophine(경구), Trihexyphenidyl

Antipsychotics (1세대, 2세대) : Aripiprazole, Haloperidol, Olanzapine, Quetiapine, Risperidone 등

Barbiturates : Butalbital, Phenobarbital, Primidone

Benzodiazepines : Alprazolam, Chlordiazepoxide, Clobazam, Clonazepam, Clorazepate, Diazepam, Estazolam, Lorazepam, Midazolam, Oxazepam, Temazepam, Triazolam

Nonbenzodiazepine benxodiazepine receptor agonist hypnotics (Z-drugs) : Eszopiclone, Zaleplon, Zolpidem

Meprobamate

Ergoloid mesylates

Androgens : Methyltestosterone, Testosterone

Estrogens with/without progestins

Insulin, sliding scale

Sulfonylurea : Gliclazide, Glimepiride, Glipizide, Glibenclamide

Desiccated thyroid

Megestrol

Growth hormone

PPIs : Dexlansoprazole, Esomeprazole, Lansoprazole, Omeprazole, Pantoprazole, Rabeprazole

  ; C. difficile 감염 위험 증가, 폐렴, 위장관 종양, bone loss 및 fracture 위험 증가

Metoclopramide ; extrapyramidal effect 가능

GI antispasmodics with strong anticholinergic activity : Atropine (안약은 제외), Dlidinium-chlordiazepoxide, Dicyclomine, Hyoscyamine, Scopolamine

Mineral oil, given orally

Desmopressin ; hyponatremia 위험

Non-COX-2-selective NSAIDs : Aspirin (하루 325mg 초과시), Diclofenac, Diflunisal, Etodolac, Flurbiprofen, Ibuprofen, Indomethacin, Ketorolac, Meloxicam, Nabumetone, Naproxen, Oxaprozin, Piroxicam, Sulindac

Meperidine

Skeletal muscle relaxants : Carisoprodol, Chlorzoxazone, Cyclobenzaprine, Metaxalone, Methocarbamol, Orphenadrine